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- SCIENCE, Page 53Making Men
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- The answer lies in Y
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- What makes a man? Biologists have long known that the answer
- lies not in what but in Y. To create a male child, a father's
- sperm must carry a Y chromosome to fertilize a mother's egg,
- which always bears an X chromosome. But the site of the
- specific gene on Y that determines maleness has been elusive.
- Last week, though, scientists in Britain announced in Nature
- that they have identified a section of DNA that apparently
- directs the development of the testes, the male reproductive
- glands. The gene is being called SRY for sex-determining region
- Y.
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- Scientists from London's Imperial Cancer Research Fund
- studied DNA from four men with an abnormal set of chromosomes:
- each bore an XX pairing that had a small piece of Y attached
- to one of the chromosomes. Segments of DNA cloned from the Y
- fragment were compared with genetic material from a wide range
- of male and female mammals, from chimps to tigers. Only one
- segment, which contained the SRY gene, was present in all the
- males and absent in all the females. Working with the ICRF
- team, London's Medical Research Council scientists showed that
- XY mice, which are female despite a Y chromosome, are missing
- part of the SRY gene.
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- Still, SRY is just one element in the mystery of maleness.
- "Sex determination involves a whole pathway of genes," observes
- MRC researcher Robin Lovell-Badge. "Now we have an entry
- point."
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